This layer displays the estimated percentage of live births by cesarean delivery. A cesarean delivery is the extraction of the fetus, placenta, and membranes through an incision in the maternal abdominal and uterine walls. For more information visit Maternal and Infant Health Mapping Tool .
A local empirical Bayes algorithm was used to provide more stable estimates, particularly for counties with small numbers that would otherwise be unreliable or suppressed to ensure confidentiality. The degree of smoothing is inversely proportional to the number of events. Thus, counties with larger numbers of births will have less smoothing and little to no difference between actual or raw data available on CDC WONDER and smoothed estimates, while counties with smaller numbers of births will borrow strength from neighboring counties to improve the stability of estimates. Estimates are suppressed if there were fewer than 10 events in the county and its adjacent neighbors. For more information: Marshall RJ. Mapping disease and mortality rates using Empirical Bayes estimators. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. 1991; 40:283-94.
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This layer displays information about infant mortality. Total births and infant mortality rates are 5-year averages (2017-2021) acquired from the 2022-23 Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Area Resource File (ARF).
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This layer displays the number and rate of deaths among children under age 19 per 100,000 population. Indicator data are from the National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) Compressed Mortality File (CMF).
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This layer displays information about childcare costs in counties across the United States, including the median price and the price as a percentage of household income. Data are from the National Database of Childcare Prices (NDCP). Search for additional data in this series to view data by child age and setting.
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This layer displays estimated teen birth rates for age group 15–19 (expressed per 1,000 females aged 15–19) by county for the year 2020.
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This layer displays information about infant mortality. Total births and infant mortality rates are 5-year averages acquired from the 2012 Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) Area Resource File (ARF).
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This dataset contains estimated teen birth rates for age group 15–19 (expressed per 1,000 females aged 15–19) by county and year. Hierarchical Bayesian space-time models were used to generate hierarchical Bayes estimates of county teen birth rates for each year. Data are provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
DEFINITIONS
Estimated teen birth rate: Model-based estimates of teen birth rates for age group 15–19 (expressed per 1,000 females aged 15–19) for a specific county and year. These annual county-level teen birth estimates “borrow strength” across counties and years to generate accurate estimates where data are sparse due to small population size. The inferential method uses information—including the estimated teen birth rates from neighboring counties across years and the associated explanatory variables—to provide a stable estimate of the county teen birth rate.
NOTES:
Data on the number of live births for women aged 15–19 years were extracted from the National Center for Health Statistics’ (NCHS) National Vital Statistics System birth data files for years 2003–2020.
Population estimates were extracted from the files containing intercensal and postcensal bridged-race population estimates provided by NCHS. For each year, the July population estimates were used, with the exception of the year of the decennial census, 2010, for which the April estimates were used.
For more information, please visit the CDC NCHS Teen Birth Rates by County web page.
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